Ibyatsi bibi

Bigaragara nk’aho bidafite ikibazo, bikura nk’ibindi bihingwa byose. Hari n’ibisa n’ibihingwa bisanzwe. Iyo bikomeje kuboneka mu murima bituma umusaruro ugabanyuka.

Ibintu bine bishobora gutuma ukuramo ibyatsi bibi(kubagara):

Bituma bidakura neza
Bigabanya umusaruro
Bigabanya ubwiza bw’ibihingwa, bigabanya agaciro kabyo ku isoko.
Bizana udukoko n’indwara bishobora kwangiza ibihingwa byawe.

Ibyatsi bibi bikunda kuboneka;
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibyatsi bibi biboneka ku butaka bwacu buhingwa. Bimwe byangiza ubutaka ibindi bikangiza ibihingwa. Ibyatsi bibi bigabanyijemo ibya monocot na dicots.

Monocot ni ibyatsi bifite ibibabi birambuye. Bimwe byera mu mwaka1, ibindi mu myaka irenze1.
Ingero:

Spear grass (imperata cylindrica)
Guinea grass (panicum maximum)
Gamba grass (andropogon gayanus)
Dicot ni ibyatsi bigari kandi bimara umwaka1.
Ingero:

Milk weed (euphorbia sp.)
Pig weed (beerhavia sp.)
Purple nutgrass (cyperus sp.)
Sida corymbosa
Sida acuta
Goat weed (amaranthus sp.)

Amazi yo mu butaka

Amazi Yo Mu Butaka Abuze Atera Gupfa Kw’ibihingwa Kuko Ibigitunga Ntibishobora Kuva mu Butaka bijya mu gihingwa. Akamaro k’amazi yo mu butaka:

Kugumana ubushyuhe bw’ubutaka.
Gukurura intungamubiri byoroshye mu gukura kw’igihingwa.
Gufasha udukoko two mubutaka kubaho dufitiye akmaro igihingwa.
Afasha ifumbire yo mu butaka ibora.

Amazi yo mu butaka ava mu butaka muri ubu buryo:

Mu guhumeka kw’ibibabi
Guca ku buso bw’ubutaka
Guhinduka umwuka ku butaka bwo hejuru.
Kwinjira mu butaka kure aho imizi itagera.

Kubera iki imbuto zitwa desmodium

Desmodium is a plant which has many uses in agriculture and farmers are encouraged to plant some in their farms. Kubera iki imbuto zitwa desmodium

Abahinzi bagomba kuzihinga kubera ko ari ibiryo by’inka kandi byongera uburumbuke bw’ubutaka.
Mu duce aho ibyatsi byitwa striga ari ikibazo, bahinga desmodium mu nkengero z’umurima w’ibigori bizahagarika gukura kwa striga maze mumhinzi abone umusaruro mwinshi.

Ni Gute Bayihinga

Ukenera ibiro bibiri kuri are
Gutegura neza aho uri buyihinge
Shyiraho uduferege kuri metero 11/2ku ruhande na inci 1.
Vanga imbuto n’ifumbire ya superphosphate(ibiro 2 by’imbuto n’agafuka 1ka tspkuri are)
Tera izo mbuto zivanze n’ifumbire muri utwo duferege utwikirizeho udutaka dukeya.

Kugenzura
Kubagara n’intoki kenshi byibura nyuma y’ibyumwere 6 nuyma yo guhinga, n’igihe ibyatsi bibi bitangiye kugaragara.
Gutera muri desmodium umuti mu kurwnya udukoko twa aphid na bollworms mu gihe cyo kuraba. Koresha dimethoate nyuma y’ibyumweru 2 mu gihe bikenewe.
Ni ryari isarurwa kandi gute?

Gusarura imbuto buri cyumweru ukuraho imbuto zahiye.
Kuzanika no kuzihonda cyane ukoresheje ibuye.
Gushishura kugira ngo imbuto zise neza.
Kubika imbuto ahantu humutse kugira ngo zitabora.
Kuri kimwe cya kabiri cya hegitari hasarurwaho ibiro 30-60 by’imbuto, zishobora kugurishwa ku mashiringi 1000 ku kiro

Izindi nyungu ziva kuri desmodium

Ibyo kurya by’icyatsi bishibora kubikwa kuzakoreshwa mu gihe cy’izuba
Hashobora gukoreshwa ibiryo biva ku byatsi ibiro 3-6 mu gihe cyo wakoresha ibiro 1-2 by’ibiryo biva ku mata.
Desmodium uyivanze n’ibigori mu murima:
- Byahagarika gukura kw’icyatsi cya striga.
- Kugabanya ibyangiza ibigori.
- Gutanga ifumbire ya nitrogen ku gihingwa.
- Gutanga ibiryo ku ka.
- Kurinda isuri.

Uburumbuke bw’ ubutaka: Gusimburanya ibihingwa

Gusimburanya ibihingwa bikorwa bakoresha ubutaka igihe cyose basimburanya ibihingwa mu byiciro bakurikiza uruziga. Igihe cy’ihnduranya giterwa n’imyaka uruziga rufata kugira ngo rurangire.

Urugero rw’ihinduranya ry’ibihingwa rumara igihe cy’imyaka 4:

Umwaka wa 1: ibijumba bihinganye nimbuto bita melon
Umwaka wa 2: habanje ibigoli hakurikiraho ibishyimbo
Umwaka wa 3: imyumbati hakurikiraho ibishyimbo
Umwaka wa 4: ibyatsi bitaribwa bitwikira ubutaka amatungo ashobora kurya.
Umwaka wa 5: gutangira urziga nanone uhereye kubihingwa byo mu mwaka wa 1.

Ibihingwa bitwikira ubutaka bituma ubutaka buguma ari bunini kubera:

Gukurikiranya ibihingwa bifite imizi miremire hamwe n’ibifite imizi migufi, aho ibihingwa bishobora gukura ibitunga igihingwa ahantu hatandukanye
Ibihingwa by’ibyatsi n’imboga nabyo bishyirwa muri iryo hinduranya ry’ibihingwa. Imizi y’ibyatsi irwanyaisuri mu gihe iy’imboga yongera nitrogen mu butaka
Ibihingwa bitwikira ubutaka nabya birakoreshwa mu kongera agaciro k’ubutaka
Ubu buryo butuma udukoko,ibyatsi bibi n’indwara bitajya mu murima, iyo igihingwa kiterera umwaka mu imyaka myinshi, indwara zacyo zirabura.

Uburumbuke bw’ ubutaka: Ifumbire

Ifumbire ibice byinshi bihura bikoreshwa mu kwihutisha ubwiza bw’ubutaka n’ imikurire y’igihingwa. Kubera ko biba bikaze, ukoresha dukeya. Hakunda gukoreshwa iyitwa npk, ifite ibikenerwa cyane mu bihingwa harimo:

Nitrogen( nitrate) ifasha mu gukura k’ibibabi n’imikurire y’igihingwa. Ishobora kuboneka mu mafumbire nka nitrate of ammonia, sulphate of ammonia,…
Phosphorous (umunyu wa phosphorate/phosphoric acid): ifasha mu kuboneka kwimizi n’ imbuto. Iboneka hokoreshejwe ifumbire nka superphosphorate
Potassium(umunyu wa potash): iyi ifasha mu gukura kw’imbuto. Iy’ingenzi ni muriate ya potash. Mu rugo iboneka mu dufu tw’ibiti.

Ibindi bitunga ibihingwa ni : calcium(ca), magnesium(mg)na surphur(s)

Uburumbuke bw’ ubutaka: Ifumbire mva ruganda

Ifumbire ikorwa iturutse ku myanda iva bihingwa no ku nyamaswa. Yongera uburumbuke bw’ubutaka bufasha imyerere y’ibihingwa. Ibikoresho bakoramo ifumbire ni: ibyatsi bibi, imyanda yo mu rugo, imyanda iva ku nkoko, n’ibindi. Hari ubwoko 3 bw’ifumbire:

Ifumbire y’icyatsi
Iyo mu murima
Imborera

Uko ifumbire y’icyatsi ikorwa:

Guhinga ibihingwa bikenera ifumbire y’icyatsi(ibiribwa n’ibitaribwa)
Reka ibihingwa bikure neza
Kuvanga ifumbire n’ubutaka

Uko ifumbire yo mu mu murima ikorwa:

Kuvanga imyanda y’amatungo n’ibiba bishasha mu kiraro
Ugenda ubihindura kenshi
Ushyiramo amazi iyo byumye
Vanga n’ubutaka

Mu gukora ifumbire yo mu murima bifata hagati y’ibyumweru 7-10.

Icyitonderwa: Igihe kuva ufata imyanda y’amatunga ku geza ubonye ifumbire, iterwa n’ubwoko amatungo. Ifumbire iva ku nkoko iyo ivanzemo ibibarizo, imara ibyumweru 7.
Uko ifumbire y’imborera ikorwa:

Fata ahantu ha metero 4 kuri 4
Zengurutsaho amahango ane
Shyiramo imyanda yaboze. Shyiramo indi myanda y’ibihingwa ivanze ikasemo uduce twa santimetero 25.
Shyiramo imyanda iva ku matungo. Iyi myanda yongera kubora kw’indi myanda.
Vangamo ukoresheje agati. Komeza ugerekeranye ugeze kuri metro 1.2.
Pfundikizaho ubutaka usukeho n’amazi.
Shyiramo agate hagati .
mu minsi 4 ukoze iyo fumbire, reba niba birimo kubora. Kuramo ka gati urebe nusanga gashyushye kandi gatose umenye ko udusimba dutuma bibora twagezemo. Iyo agtwe gakonje kandi kakaba kumye, ingarani yawe ugomba kongera kuyubaka.
Senya ingarani yawe nyuma y’ukwezi urebe uburyo bibora.
Ongera ukundi kwezi.
Ifumbire izaba ibonetse yo gukoreshwa nyuma y’ibyumweru icumi cyangwa kumi na bibiri.

Uburumbuke bw’ ubutaka:

Gukomeza guhinga ubutaka bigenda bitesha agciro ibihingwa. Kora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo ubutaka bwawe bugume bufumbiye:

Koresha ifumbire mva ruganda
Twikirizaho ibyatsi
Guhinduranya ibihingwa
Gukoresha ifumbire y’imborera

Ni gute abahinzi bashobora gufata amazi menshi mu mirima yabo?

Abahinzi bashobora kugabanya ingorane zo kuhira bakoresheje uburyo bwo gufata amazi y’invura mu butaka bwabo akaboneka cyane mu bihingwa. Hari ibintu 6 bishishikariza abahinzi guha agaciro amazi y’imvura baba bafashe bakagereranya no kuyazana buhira mu butaka. Nk’uko bigaragara

Abahinzi bakenera amazi menshi mu bihingwa byabo. Mu kubona ayo mazi, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyaguman ntave mu butaka. Icya mbere ni ukumenya byinshi ku mazi n’ubutaka. Iryo suzuma rikorwa mu bibazo bikurikira:

Ni gute amazi aza ku butaka?
Ni hehe amazi etemba agana?
Amazi atemba agana aho ibihingwa biyakoresha?

Iyo amazi atemba agana aho akenewe, intego ni iyo kuzana amazi akajya mu butaka.
gukoresha ibihagarika amazi atemba ku buhaname
gufata amazi no kuyashyira hamwe birashoboka mu kurinda amazi kugenda ava mu butaka.

Hagarika amazi kugenda ku butaka cyangwa
Gabanya umuvuduko w’amazi kuko ashobora kujyana ubutaka ahandi.

Amazi atemba arahagarikwa. Ibyo bibuza amazi gutemba harimo imiringoti, getera ibyatsi, no gukora amatarasi. Ibi bihagarika amazi biyagabanyiriza umuvuduko iyo amanuka ku misozi, agatuma agera mu murima neza.
kuyarekera mu butaka igihe cyose
Bumwe muburyo amazi ava mu butaka ni uguhinduka umwuka. Amazi ahinduka umwuka mbere y’uko afite amahirwe yo kwinjira mu butaka.iyo ubutaka buhoramo amazi, ibi ntabwo biba. Ubutaka buba butwikiriwe n’ibyatsi n’ibibabi n’indi myanda. Ibyo binyabuzima n’ibyatsi biri ku butaka bituma amazi yinjira mu butaka akazakoreshwa n’ibihingwa. Ibyo byatsi n’ibihingwa bigabanya umuvuduko w’amazi akinjira mu butaka.
guhinga mu byobo byobo
Mu duce twinshi tw’afurika, bakoresha ibyobo. Kandi ubu buryo burabahira. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwabyo kandi bikoreshwa muburyo bwinshi. Abahinzi benshi bacukura ibyobo mu gihe cy’izuba. Bakacyuzuza ifumbire cyangwa imborera. Iyo imvura iguye, bahinga muri bya byobo. Bavuga ko ibihingwa byera vuba muri ibyo byobo. Ni uko amazi aguma muri cya cyobo.akagumamo igihingwa kikayakoresha. Ifumbire nayo ikarumbura igihingwa. Guhinga mu cyobo bitsindagira amazi n’ibtunga ibihingwa aho igihingwa kiba kibikeneye.
Ingomero zinyuranamo
Rimwe na rimwe, iyo imvura iguye, amazi menshi aza mu gihe gito ku buryo atagera mu murima hose. Abahinzi bamwe bakoresha uburyo bundi mu gufata amazi mu butaka. Bahinga ibihingwa nk’ibigori,amasaka cyangwa bibijumba ku murongo. Iyo imvura iguye ikajya mu miferege hagati. Kumenya neza ko amazi agumye mu miferege, abahinzi bashyiraho utugomero(cross ridges) muri iyo miferege. Mu duce twumye izo ngomero zirakenewe cyane mu kubika amazi n’ubutaka. Ahntu hataba imvura nyinshi, aho ubutaka burambuye, ubu buryo butuma umusaruro wiyongera.
Guhinga ibihingwa byihanganira ubutaka bwumutse
Uburyo bumwe bwo kubona ibyo ibva mu mvura n’uko twahinga ibihingwa bikenera amazi makeya. Ibyo bihingwa birakenewe. Ibyo bihingwa birera mu gihe ibindi byarumbye. Ni ibihingwa bidakenera amazi y’inyongera n’ifumbire kugira ngo kere neza. Urugero harimo amasaka mu mwanya w’ibigori. Kubera ko amasaka atanga umusaruro mwiza, niyo haba hari imvura nkeya. Hari n’izindi mbuto n’ibihingwa by’imizi n’imboga bihingwa bigatanga umusaruro mu gihe ubutaka budafite amazi ahagije. Hitamo ibihingwa bishobora kubaho mu cyi n’ubutaka bukennye ni bumwe mu buryo ubona umusaruro mwiza kurusha ibisaba imvura.

Gusarura amazi ukoresheje ikigega

Gusarura amazi ukoresheje ikigega
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kubona imvura. Abantu bamwe bafata amazi aturutse ku gisenge cy’inzu abandi mu bigega by’amazi. Abandi bayasyira mu byobo, mu matarasino mu tundi tuntu duto. Amazi akaba ahari no mugihe cy’izuba. Amazi yafashwe abikwa ku butaka, mu bigega, no mu bindi bibika amazi. Cyangwa akabikwa mu butaka. Kabaka ikigega cyo munsi mu butaka ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kubika amazi mu butaka. Hano turabona uko twakubaka ibigega byo mu butaka byo kubikamo amazi yajya akoreshwa mu murima ndetse no mu rugo avuye ku mvura. Iki kigega ni ngombwa kuko gifasha umuhinzi kubona amazi mu gihe cy’izuba, mu gihe ibihingwa bitoshye biba byabuze. Amazi ahoraho kuko ava ku mvura akabikwa mu butaka. Ni gute icyo kigega kibika amazi mu butaka? Biterwa n’uko cyubatse. Gishobora kubakwa ku gice cyo hasi cy’ubuhaname bw’umusozi. Iyo amazi y’imvura atemba ku buhaname bw’umusozi, ahita ajya muri cya cyobo mu butaka aho kunyura hejuru, ubwo muri ubu buryo, ibihingwa bibona amazi.

Uko wakubaka ikigega
1. Ucukura icyobo kigufi,

2. Iyo amazi amanuka ku musozi mu gihe cy’imvura, ijya muri icyo cyobo akinjira mu butaka. Ubutaka buratoha bugatuma ibihingwa bikura cyane.

3. Ayo mazi aba ashobora no gukoreshwa mu rugo bayanywa no kuhira imboga mu gihe cy’izuba. Muri ubu buryo umurima uba usa icyatsi ibihe byose.

NB: ni ingenzi ko hano haba hari ubuhaname kugira ngo amazi ajye amanukaho. Ariko ubuhaname ntibugomba kuba bukabije. Amazi yihuta niyo yoza icyo kigega. Ubuhaname buciriritse nibwo bwiza. Iyo mu butaka harimo umugezi(amazi atemba) amazi menshi ava mu butaka cyangwa mu isoko. Imvura niyo itanga amzi mu kigega, bihoraho kugira ngo amazi ahore mu butaka.

Mbere yo kubaka ikgega, ugomba kubanza kureba impande zose ukabanza kureba umuntu wigeze kucyubaka. Ubaza abandi bahinzi niba batarabona undi wacyubatse kikamera neza.

Gutangiza ikigega cy’imbuto cy’abaturage

Ikigega cy’imbuto irinda kubura kw’imbuto zo muri ako gace. Niyo nkomoko y’imbuto mu gihe kihutirwa nk’iyo izindi zatewe n’indwara, udukoko n’ikirerre kibi. Aha, uramenya uko ikigega c y’imbuto gikoreshwa n’uburyo wayikora.

Ibigendanye n’ikigega k’imbuto cy’abaturage

Kubera iki tubika imbuto?
Nta mbuto, ibihingwa nti byakura. Igihe cy’ingenzi, utarobanuye imbuto, ibihingwa ntibyakura neza. Gukoresha imbuto z’ubwoko bunyuranye byemeza ko ibi bihingwa bizabaho neza. Ko izo mbuto zizaboneka igihe cyose.
Ni ukubera iki gutoranya imbuto ari ingenzi?
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibihingwa n’ibiti. Urugero hari ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibishyimbo kandi buri bwoko bufite ibibugize bitandukanye. Bimwe bifite ibara ry’umuhondo, ibindi ni umweru. Bimwe ni birebire, ibindi ni bigufi. Bimwe bifite uburyo bwo kwirinda udukoko, mu gihe ibindi bitabufite n’ibindi
Ubwoko bw’ibihingwa burinda ikirere kibi, udukoko,n’indwara. Iyo imbuto z’ubwoko bunyuranye zitabitswe, ubwoko bumwe buracika. Udafite ubwoko butandukanye bw’imbuto, igihe kizaza kiba kibi kuri ibyo bihingwa no ku muhinzi.
Mu gace k’iwanyu mwaba mukeneye ikigega?
Mu kwemeza ko gikenewe subiza ibi bibazo bibiri:

Abahinzi bahinga imbuto zisanzwe n’izidakunda gukoreshwa mu gace?
Abahinzi bajya bagurana bakanahana imbuto mu muryango no mu baturanyi?

Niba wasubije yego ku bibazo byose, ubwo abahinzi barinda ubwoko butandukanye bw’imbuto ubwo ntabwo ari ngombwa gutangiza ikigega cy’imbuto zihingwa. Iyo bagurana imbuto bigarargaza ko imbuto nziza ziboneka cyane. Iyo habayeho kugurana no gusangira imbuto, bigaragaza ko zigera ahantu henshi bityo zikaba zihari ku bwinshi. Rimwe na rimwe, abahinzi banga gusangira n’abandi imbuto, ntibanazibike, mu bice bimwe by’isi abantu banga gukorera hamwe. Ahandi ubukene bugatuma babirya byose. Aha bagomba gukora ikigega cy’imbuto kugira ngo batazabura izo guhinga ikindi gihe.

Uko ikigega gikorwa.

Guhuza abakozi, gukusanya imbuto
Abantu bamwe babika amafaranga yabomuri banki. Iyo bakeneye amafaranga arenzeho, bakora kuyo babitse. Ubu ni uburyo bw’uko banki zikora. Banki y’imbuto cyangwa ikigega, habikwamo imbuto ntabwo ari amafaranga. Izi mbuto zituruka ku bihingwa biboneka n’ibidakunda kuboneka cyane, ku bahinzi. Imbuto zibikwa mu kigega cy’imbuto cy’abaturage kugeza igihe zizakenerwa. Kishobora kuba uburyo butandukanye. Mu gace k’iwanyu gishobora kuba ari mu nyubako rusange cyangwa mu kigega. Zishobora kuba ziri mu mifuka mu gikoni.
Ikigega cy’imbuto gifasha abaturage bishyize hamwe, atari umuntu ku giti cye. Iyo ibihingwa byangiritse bitewe n’isuri, udkoko cyangwa indwara, ukoresha imbuto uvanye mu kigega zishobora kubirwanya. Abahinzi bakenera kandi izo mbuto iyo bashaka iziba zaturutse ku gihingwa bashaka. Kandi nanone abahinzi bazikenera bashaka imbuto zabo bwite.

kwishyira hamwe
gukusanya imbuto
gutunganya no kumisha imbuto
kubika amakuru kubigendanye n’imbuto
kubika imbuto.
guhinga imbuto no kongera kubika izibonetse.

Menya ko iyi ari incamake yo gukora ikigega cy’imbuto. Ushobora kubona amakuru menshi ku bigega by’imbuto mu bigo by’ubuhinzi n’iterambere.

Icya mbere: Kwishyira hamwe

Ikigega cy’imbuto gikenera abategura n’abakozi. Guhitamo abategura no gukora uwo mushinga. Ashobora kuba umuhinzi cyangwa undi muturage w;umunyamuryango, abakusanya ibiti, abakora imiti, abanyabukorikori n’abarobyi. N’abandi bashobora kubafasha ariko icyemezo gifatwa n’abaturage bose.
Icya mbere kandi cya ngombwa ni uko buri munyamuryango aba azi icyo bagamije.kandi yemera kuguma mo. Abanyamuryango bagomba gusinyira ibintu ngenderwaho. Nk’abahinzi bashobora kukubwira gutoranya imbuto, kuzitunganya, no guhunika bigomba gukorwa mu mwaka. Ikigega cy’imbuto gisaba gukora no kukitaho.
Iyo bashaka gukora cyane, ikindi gihe ni abakozi bahitamo imbuto zizafatwa. Wandika amazina. Hariho n’ibihingwa bifite akamaro byo mu gace kanyu. Wibuka ibihingwa bitajya biboneka nk’ibiti n’ibindi bihingwa bikoreshwa nk’imiti, ibiribwa n’ibiti bicanwa. Izi ni imbuto wakenera gukusanya

Icya kabiri: gukusanya imbuto

Abakora mu kigega cy’imbuto bagomba gukusanya imbuto bitonze. Bagomba kwegera abahinzi kugira ngo babe babaha imbuto zidasanzwe. Kwibuka ko abahinzi bagomba gufata imbuto zihagije zo gukoresha ku giti cyabo. Nta gufata imbuto z’abahinzi nta ruhushya. Kusanya imbuto abahinzi bashobora guhindura byibura mu gihe cy’umwaka. Nyumay’umwaka w’igerageza ushobora kumenya uko abakozi b’ikigega bazicunga.
Abahinzi bazamenya igihe cyiza mu mwaka cyo gukusanya imbuto. Mu gukusanya imbuto, wibuke:

ubika imbuto ziturutse kubihingwa bisazwe bikoreshwa abantu batekereza ko arizo zifite akamaro n’ibindi bizwi ko byera muri ako gace. Abahinzi bakubwira imbuto zigomba gusimbuzwa ziturutse ku gihingwa iki n’iki.
iyo ubutaka butagitanga umusaruro kubera ko habayeho isuri, umuvu cyangwa itemwa ry’amashyamba.ugomba kubika imbuto ku bihingwa byo mu gasozi, akenshi ibi bihingwa bimeze nk’ibyo abahinzi babona ko bikunze gukoreshwa. Urugero: ibijumba bya kijyambere, n’inyanya bimeze kimwe byera ku gasozi. Iyo ubutaka bucyera, ntabwo ukenera gukusanya imbuto zo ku gasozi. Ariko ugomba kubirinda jamatungo kubirya n’isuri.
gukusanya imbuto zose zitandukanye wigira mu murima ugafata imbuto utomboza. Iyo ibhingwa bitandukanye ugendeye ku bwiza bw’imbuto, zihanganira umuvu, udukoko, ukenera gukusanya imbuto nyinhi. Buri gihe ugerageza gukusanya imboto nyinshi bishoboka.
kubika imbuto zose haba izavuye ku gihingwa kiza n’ikibi. Kusanya imbuto zavuye ku gihingwa kinini n’igitoya. Ubike n’imbuto z’igihingwa ubona kidasanzwe. Ibi bihingwa bishobora kuguha ibintu bifite akamaro udashobora guhita ubona nko kwihanganira ubutaka bubi, udukoko, izuba ryinshi n’ubukonje bwinshi. N’iyo igihingwa kirwaye ushobora kubika imbuto gusa iyo imbuto ari nzima. Ibihingwa byinshi byihanganira indwara cyangwa udukoko bigakomeza gutanga umusaruro uhagije. Ubika imbuto zavuye ku bihingwa birwayi ahantu hatandukanye n’ah’izindi kugira ngo zitavaho zangiza izindi. Uzibika aho inzima zidashobora gukurira. Ntugahinge imbuto zirwaye hamwe n’inzima kuko zishobora kuzanduza.
bika imbuto zavuye ku bihingwa byatangiye guhingwa muri ako gace hashize mu myaka mikeya ishize. Ubika imbuto ziturutse kubihingwa bisazwe bikoreshwa abantu batekereza ko arizo zifite akamaro n’ibindi bizwi ko byera muri ako gace. Abahinzi bakubwira imbuto zigomba gusimbuzwa ziturutse ku gihingwa iki n’iki.
iyo ubutaka butagitanga umusaruro kubera ko habayeho isuri, umuvu cyangwa itemwa ry’amashyamba.ugomba kubika imbuto ku bihingwa byo mu gasozi, akenshi ibi bihingwa bimeze nk’ibyo abahinzi babona ko bikunze gukoreshwa. Urugero: ibijumba bya kijyambere, n’inyanya bimeze kimwe byera ku gasozi. Iyo ubutaka bucyera, ntabwo ukenera gukusanya imbuto zo ku gasozi. Ariko ugomba kubirinda jamatungo kubirya n’isuri.
gukusanya imbuto zose zitandukanye wigira mu murima ugafata imbuto utomboza. Iyo ibhingwa bitandukanye ugendeye ku bwiza bw’imbuto, zihanganira umuvu, udukoko, ukenera gukusanya imbuto nyinhi. Buri gihe ugerageza gukusanya imboto nyinshi bishoboka.
kubika imbuto zose haba izavuye ku gihingwa kiza n’ikibi. Kusanya imbuto zavuye ku gihingwa kinini n’igitoya. Ubike n’imbuto z’igihingwa ubona kidasanzwe. Ibi bihingwa bishobora kuguha ibintu bifite akamaro udashobora guhita ubona nko kwihanganira ubutaka bubi, udukoko, izuba ryinshi n’ubukonje bwinshi. N’iyo igihingwa kirwaye ushobora kubika imbuto gusa iyo imbuto ari nzima. Ibihingwa byinshi byihanganira indwara cyangwa udukoko bigakomeza gutanga umusaruro uhagije. Ubika imbuto zavuye ku bihingwa birwayi ahantu hatandukanye n’ah’izindi kugira ngo zitavaho zangiza izindi. Uzibika aho inzima zidashobora gukurira. Ntugahinge imbuto zirwaye hamwe n’inzima kuko zishobora kuzanduza.
bika imbuto zavuye ku bihingwa byatangiye guhingwa muri ako gace hashize mu myaka mikeya ishize. Ibihingwa bimwe birahinduka, bikamenyera, bikaba byatanga n’umusaruro mu buryo bushyashya mu gihe gito cy’ihinga

Icya gatatu: gutunganya no kumisha imbuto

Iyo imbutozakusanyijwe, zitoranywa neza kugira ngo zibikwe. Ubika gusa imbuto. Ukuramo imyanda ukoresheje igitebo, cyangwa ugakuramo imbuto ukoresheje intoki. Hari igihe abahinzi bazirekera mu bishishwa kugira ngo bazirinde udukoko.
Imbuto nyinshi zibanza kumishwa mere yo kuzihunika. Hari izibikwa ahantu hashyuha zitanikwa ako kanya ku izuba. Ugerageza niba zumye ukandisha intoki, iyo urubuto rumenetse, ruba rwumye neza. Iyo rurukandika ntirumeneke ruba rutaruma neza. Itondere kubika imbuto zumye cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imvura. Kuba rutumye mu muyaga ruhita rubora.
Imbuto zikomoka mu karere ko hagati, nka imyembe, imicunga, ntibyuma ariko bigumana ubukonje bwazo karemano. Uzihinga vuba vuba nyuma yo kuzibona. Uzibika mu kintu cya parasitiki kifungurwarimwe ku munsi kugira ngo zivange n’umwuka.
Nanone , ntabwo ugomba kumisha inyanya, n’ibindi bihingwa bitoshye. Ushyira imbuto zabyo mu ndobo yuzuye amzi. Ntabwo ushyiramo imbuto nyishi kandi izipfuye zireremba hejuru y’amazi. Zimaramo nk’imnsi itatu kugeza kuri itanu. Izipfuye zijya hejuru y’amaziukazikuraho. Imbuto nziza zijya ku ndiba. Wumisha imbuto nziza iminsi ibiri kugeza kuri itatu mbere yo kuzibika.
Ibikurikira tugiye kubona uko babika amakuru y’imbuto, uko zibikwa n’igihe uzivanira mu kigega. Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye n’ikigega cy’imbuto, reba agoronome.

Icya kane: kubika inyandiko ku bijyanye n’imbuto

Ikigega cy’imbuto cy’abaturage kirinda imbuto zo muri ako gace n’ubwoko bunyuranye bw’imbuto. Iki gice kitwereka uburyo wabika amakuru ku kigega cy’imbuto.
Amakuru ya ngombwa yo kwandika ni:

amazina y’igihingwa aho imbuto zavuye. Andika amazina yose akoreshwa kuri icyo gihingwa. N’amazina ya gihanga. Niba utazi izina rya gihanga baza abakozi.
amazina n’umwirondoro by’uwakusanyije imbuto n’itariki yazikusanyirijeho.
aho imbuto zavuye, shyiraho n’andi makuru uvuge intera iri hagati yahoo n’agace byegeranye kazwi mu buryo burambuye. Urugero ni ahantu hahanamye, ubutaka bwumutse neza, hari ibiti?
gusobanura neza igihingwa wazikuyeho. Urugero ni igihingwa kihanganira izuba, umuyaga, ubukonje, ushyiraho ibikiranga byose.
itariki imbuto zabikiwe. N’ighe imbuto zasaruriwemo. Urugero: ushobora kwandika ko imbuto zasaruwe mu kwa 7, 1994 mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe ikirere cyari gikeye, kandi hari udukoko twinshi.

Wandika aya makuru yose ku rupapuro, ushyire mufuka cyangwa ikigega kirimo izo mbuto. Wandika no ku rundi rupapuro kugira ngo ubune uko uzajya uzitanga bikoroheye. Ibi bitanga amateka ku bijyanye n’imbuto ziboneka n’aho zahingwa. Ugumana izo mpapuro igihe cyose. Wakenera gukora izindi mpapuro iyo iza mbere zatakaye.

Icya gatanu: Kubika imbuto

Abahinzi bose yaba abagore cyangwa abagabo bazi ibyiza byo kubika imbuto. Kuzitunganya no kuzumisha kugira ngo zimare igihe kirekire. Ukabaza abagabo n’abagore ukumva ibitekerezo byabo. Itonde igihe ubitse imbuto. Iyo zishyushye cyane, gukonja cyane cyangwa zagiyemo udukoko, nta bwo zitanga ibihingwa byiza. Imbuto zigomba kuba zisukuye, mu kintu cyumutse.
Mu gihe gishyushye cyane , zikenera ubukonje. Ushyiramo ivu . Ushobora gukoresha bimwe mu bintu byatuma hazamo ubukonje nk’isukari, amata n’ibindi ukabishyira hasi mucyo uzibitsemo ukaz guhindurira ahandi ariko ukajya uzanika nyuma y’iminsi ibiri ahantu hatagera izuba ako kanya.
Ububiko bwiza bw’imbuto ni umufuka w’umwenda. Imbuto zuzuzwamo ku buryo zigomba kubona umuyaga. Ugomba kwizera ko uwo mufuka udakonja kuburyo imbuto zabora cyangwa rimwe na rimwe udukoko tukajyamo. Ushira uwo mufuka mu kindi kintu nko mu gitebo.
Ubika mu cyumba kijimye, kirimo umwuka, cyumutse nko mu rutara. Ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje bwinshi byica imbuto. Niyo mpamvu ugomba kuzibika ahantu hari ubutaka bwiza kandi bwumutse. Iyo imbuto zumye gusa, zigomba kujya ahatagera izuba ako kanya. Nyuma yo kumisha zisubize muri icyo kintu. Mu gihe cy’imvura wanika imbuto buri munsi.

Icya 6: Guhinga no kongera kubika imbuto

Ikigega kigeraho kigaha imbuto abahinzi barumbije cyangwa ibyangijwe. Hano ikigega kirabikura. Guha abahinzi imbuto ntabwo aribwo buryo bwo kugabanya imbuto mu kigega gusa. Ushobora no kubikuza kubera ko imbuto zatangiye kumera. Upima imbuto kenshi uhitamo umubare w’imbuto z’igihingwa iki n’iki hamwe no kureba uko zimera. Ntugakuremo gusa inziza koresha tombora. Ku bihingwa bifite ibintu 8 bitandukaniyeho, gerageza inshuro 100.
Kwemeza neza ko imbuto zikiri nzima, ukora igerageza ufata ikinyamakuru ugashyiramo urubuto ukaruzingamo. Ugashyira mu mufuka w’umwenda. Urubika ahantu hakonje mu minsi 6 kugeza 12, iyo urubuto ari ruzima ruramera. Umenye kandi ko zimwe mu mbuto zitinda kumera. Imbuto zitamera ziba zapfuye. Uzigaburira amatungo nk’inkoko.
Iyo imbuto zapfuye zirenze kimwe cya kabiri, ugomba guhita uzihinga. Ugukusanya izindi mbuto ziturutse kuri izo akaba arizo ubika. Iyo izirenze kimwe cya kabiri zimeze, umenya ko zikiri nzima. Ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa ko wongeramo izindi mbuto.
Wongeramo izindi imbuto mu kigega cy’imbuto, ukusanya ukabika imbuto nshyashya cyangwa ugahinga izambere, ukabika izi icyikiro cya kabiri.
Niba ushatse guhinga imbuto zawe za mbere, ugomba kwibuka:

ushaka ahantu hameze kimwe n’aho bazisaruye. Nubikoragutyo, uzabona imbuto zimeze kimwe nizo.
uhinga imbuto ahantu hatandukanye. Ibi byongera amahirwe yo kubona byibura ahantu heza zaturutse.
umwanya uri hagati y’ibihingwa ugomba kuba ungana n’uwari urimo mbere.ariko witondere guhinga kure y’ibindi bias kuko bitabangurirana

Nyuma yo gutera imbuto, kusanya umubare munini w’imbuto harimo imbuto zituruka ku bihingwa binini cyangwa bitoya, birebire cyangwa bigufi, bifite imbuto zo kurya cyangwa bitazifite. Ugomba kubibika byumye, bifite akuka hatageramo udukoko.
Kumenya byinshi ku kigega cy’imbuto, cyangwa mu gukusanya, kumisha no kubika imbuto, baza abahinzi baguhe ibitekerezo byabo, cyangwa wegere ibiro by’ubuhinzi bikwegereye cyangwa abandi babishinzwe.
Kurinda ibihingwa bitajya biboneka n’ibikunda kuboneka. Wibuke ko ari iby’igihe kizaza ku buhinzi bwawe n’urugo rwawe.